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Miracle Learning Centre Chemistry Tuition Question on Organic Chemistry. (O Level / IP Chemistry) 1. Saudi Arabian petroleum is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons. The table below shows the fractions obtained and the amounts produced by fractional distillation compared with the amounts required. Fraction Percentage produced (supply) Percentage required (demand) Liquefied Petroleum Gases 3 4 Petrol / gasoline 14 25 Naphtha 9 3 Paraffin / kerosene 15 7 Diesel Oil 10 22 Heavy oils and bitumen 49 39
(a) Define hydrocarbon. _______________________________________________________
(b) For which fraction does the supply exceed demand by the greatest amount? _______________________________________________________
(c) Cracking involves the breakdown of large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller ones. (i) Give the conditions needed for cracking hydrocarbons. __________________________________________________
(ii) Explain how cracking can help match the demand for a fraction with its supply. __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________
(iii) A hydrocarbon, C12H26, is cracked to give only two products. One of the products is butane. What is the molecular formula of the other product? __________________________________________________
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