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Separation Techniques - Distillation and Fractional Distillation

Chemistry tuition classes in Miracle Learning Centre is very useful. If you do not understand chemistry, you must definitely attend the chemistry tuition class at Miracle Learning Centre. Let us learn about separation techniques - distillation and fractional distillation in this chemistry tuition lesson.

Your chemistry tuition teacher at Miracle Learning Centre will teach you about separation techniques - distillation and fractional distillation. Distillation is used to separate a solvent from a solution. The solution is heated up. It evaporates and condenses into a liquid called the distillate. For example, to obtain pure water from seawater, distillation is used. The distillate collected is pure water and salt remains in the flask. Distillation is used in the perfume industry. Many plants contain fragrant oils which can be used to make perfume. The oil is extracted by heating the plant material and distilling the vapour.

Fractional distillation is to separate a mixture of miscible liquids. The additional component in fractional distillation as compared to distillation, is the fractionating column. Fractional distillation separates liquids due to their different boiling points. For example, crude oil is separated into petroleum gas, petrol, naphtha, kerosene, diesel oils, fuel oil, lubricating oil and bitumen. Other examples include fractional distillation of liquid air to obtain nitrogen, oxygen and argon.
The student at Miracle Learning Centre asked, " How is ethanol and water separated? " The chemistry tuition teacher at Miracle Learning Centre replied, " Ethanol and water is separated by fractional distillation. Ethanol and water are miscible and have different boiling points. Since ethanol has a lower boiling point than water, it will be collected first."

These two separation techniques are for separating mixtures. Miracle Learning Centre hope you have understood the separation techniques - distillation and fractional distillation and how it helps you to answer chemistry tuition questions. Do come to Miracle Learning Centre for more chemistry tuition lessons to learn more about techniques - distillation and fractional distillation, and chemistry.